Beer styles and how they differ

Beer is one of the most popular drinks in the world. It comes in dozens of styles and flavor directions — from light and refreshing to dense and rich. Here are the main types and what sets them apart.

What beer is made of

Classic ingredients:

• water
• malt
• hops
• yeast

The differences between styles come from the recipe, the type of fermentation, how dark the malt is roasted, and how much hops are used.

Lager

Lager is the most widespread style.

What stands out:

• light flavor
• clean aroma
• moderate bitterness
• highly refreshing

A good fit for most fans of classic beer.

Ale

Ale uses top fermentation.

What's different:

• brighter aroma
• fruity and spicy notes
• richer flavor

Popular sub-styles: pale ale, IPA, brown ale.

IPA

India Pale Ale — pronounced hop bitterness and a vivid aroma.

Characteristics:

• citrus notes
• pine notes
• high aroma intensity
• noticeable bitterness

Often the pick for fans of bold flavors.

Stout and porter

Dark styles using roasted malt.

What stands out:

• coffee flavor
• chocolate notes
• caramel hints
• full body

Stout and porter shine in cold weather.

Wheat beer

Wheat beer is brewed with wheat alongside barley.

What sets it apart:

• softness
• cloudy appearance
• a touch of acidity
• banana and clove notes

Very popular in summer.

Non-alcoholic beer

Modern brewing keeps the flavor of beer with very little alcohol.

Advantages:

• flavor close to the classic
• lightness
• a no-alcohol option that still tastes like beer

How to pick the right style

• Want lightness — lager
• Want aroma — ale
• Like bitterness — IPA
• Want body — stout
• Want freshness — wheat beer

Bottom line

The beer world is very diverse. The same drink can be light, slightly sweet, bitter, fruity, or full-bodied. The best way to find your favorite style is to try different ones and compare.